01 Feb Seborrhoeic Dermatitis on the Scalp: Everything You Need to Know
Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a common scalp condition that causes irritation, itching, and flaking. This condition occurs when the process of cell renewal on the scalp accelerates, resulting in the rapid shedding of corneocytes that clump together to form visible flakes. Although the exact cause is unknown, several factors contribute to its occurrence.
Seborrhoeic dermatitis has a hereditary component, meaning that children of affected individuals are more likely to develop it. Additionally, irritation caused by the fungus Malassezia, which colonises oily skin areas, is also linked to the condition.
Other risk factors include physical or emotional stress, hormonal changes, poor diet, alcohol consumption, fatigue, extreme climates, inadequate hygiene, and obesity.
Main Symptoms
In its mildest form, known as dandruff, the flakes are small, dry, white, and easily shed. There is minimal inflammation and itching.
In its more severe form, plaques can form, varying in size from a few centimetres to covering a large part of the scalp. The flakes are thick, dry, and yellowish in colour, and the area may be intensely itchy.
Treatment
To treat seborrhoeic dermatitis on the scalp, doctors often recommend using over-the-counter shampoos containing antifungal, keratolytic (which help dissolve the corneal flakes), or tar or zinc-derived ingredients.
In more severe cases, and always under medical prescription, it may be necessary to use topical corticosteroids or antifungals.
To relieve itching and control seborrhoeic dermatitis, it is advisable to use an antifungal shampoo such as ketoconazole. Once the symptoms are under control, scalp health can be maintained with a gentle shampoo specifically designed for sensitive scalps.
